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Film and the Arts

Off-Broadway Play Review—Henrik Ibsen’s “Ghosts” with Billy Crudup

Ghosts
Written by Henrik Ibsen, a new version by Mark O’Rowe
Directed by Jack O’Brien
Performances through April 26, 2025
Mitzi Newhouse Theatre, 150 West 65th Street, New York, NY
lct.org
 
Lily Rabe and Billy Crudup in Ghosts (photo: Jeremy Daniel)
 
Henrik Ibsen's Ghosts might have scandalized audiences after its 1882 premiere—tackling as it did sexually transmitted diseases, illegitimate children, euthanasia, incest and religious hypocrisy—but it’s far milder stuff for today’s audiences, so directors and adapters must work harder to make it relevant. 
 
Nearly 20 years ago, Ingmar Bergman brought his celebrated Swedish troupe to BAM in Brooklyn for an incendiary staging that included bits of Strindberg and even Bergman’s own material to shore up Ibsen’s script, along with a memorable turn by the great Pernilla August as the widow Helena Alving. About a decade ago, Richard Eyre's compelling adaptation that was a hit in London also took BAM by storm with Lesley Manville as an indelible Helena. 
 
Unfortunately, in his mostly adroit staging at Lincoln Center Theater, director Jack O’Brien has saddled himself with a subpar Helena: Lily Rabe gives her usual mannered, ineffectual performance, barking out the lines wrongheadedly and coming across more Helena’s beloved son Oswald’s older sister than his overprotective mother who’s hiding a horrible family secret that will eventually come out. 
 
O’Brien does better with the rest of his cast, even though Ella Beatty is a bit stiff as Helene’s housemaid Regina, in love with Oswald—who wants to marry her and take her back to Paris, where he lives as a tortured artist. Although Oswald is played by Levon Hawke, making his New York stage debut, the actor’s lack of polish works well for Helena’s sickly son, wracked by the syphilis he inherited from his dead father; Hawke is especially convincing in the play’s shattering final moments, when he—now blinded by the disease—begs his mother to put him out of his misery.
 
Regina’s estranged father Engstrand—helping to build the orphanage Helen has planned in her husband’s memory—is played with his customary intensity by Hamish Linklater, while Pastor Manders—Helena’s long-ago paramour who embodies the hypocrisy of the church—is a role tailor-made for Billy Crudup, who’s expert at playing complicated characters who alternate being cheered for and sneered at.
 
Mark O’Rowe provides a lucid adaptation of Ibsen’s masterpiece; if he and O’Brien falter in a needless framing device of the performers walking onstage and picking up scripts that—after Beatty and Linklater act out the play’s opening lines in differing ways as if they’re rehearsing—they don’t look at and which are immediately jettisoned, Ibsen’s morality tale moves swiftly until it arrives at its inevitably tragic conclusion.
 
John Lee Beatty’s aptly minimalist set, Japhy Weideman’s incisive lighting, Jess Goldstein’s spot-on costumes and Scott Lehrer and Mark Bennett’s evocative sound contribute handsomely to this story of a family haunted by unseen but always present specters, culminating with a metaphorical but very real destructive conflagration that might be a sign from the almighty about the family’s immorality, something Manders—who convinced Helena to forego insurance for the orphanage because God would take care of things—ruefully opines. It may be singleminded, but Ghosts remains potent theater.

April '25 Digital Week I

In-Theater Releases of the Week 
Audrey’s Children 
(Blue Harbor Entertainment)
This earnest biopic about Dr. Audrey Evans, a pioneer in researching childhood cancers and leader of the movement to create the Ronald McDonald House for families needing a cost-free place to live while their child is undergoing lengthy and expensive treatment is dominated by Natalie Dormer who, as the titular character, is unfussily focused and understatedly expressive.
 
 
Director Ami Canaan Mann and writer Julia Fisher Farbman avail themselves of familiar sentimental and melodramatic biopic tropes, but Dormer and terrific support from Jimmi Simpson as Audrey’s colleague and later husband Dan D’Angio and Clancy Brown as Audrey’s boss C. Everett Koop (yes, that Koop) make it an inspiring watch.
 
 
 
The Friend 
(Bleecker Street)
Based on the award-winning 2018 novel by Sigrid Nunez, Scott McGehee and David Siegel’s latest shows how book editor Iris responds to what author (and former lover) Walter leaves her after he dies: his Great Dane, Apollo. Iris lives in a small NYC apartment that doesn’t allow pets, and she must finesse many things at once: editing a final book of Walter’s letters, learning to live with—instead of getting rid of—Apollo and dealing with Walter’s three wives.
 
 
This small-scale dramedy is perceptive at times, clichéd at others; it’s well-acted by Naomi Watts (Iris), Bill Murray (Walter), Carla Gugino (Walter’s first wife) and Sarah Pidgeon (Walter’s daughter)—but it’s stolen by the miraculous canine Bing as Apollo. Too bad McGehee and Siegel soften the book’s hard edges, especially the unsentimental ending, with something more conventional.
 
 
 
Holy Cow 
(Zeitgeist)
Louise Courvoisier’s feature, set in the Jura region of France where she’s from, is a sweet-natured but gritty chronicle of how shiftless 18-year-old Totone must mature quickly when tragedy befalls the family and he and his 7-year-old sister must fend for themselves on the faltering family farm.
 
 
It has all the trappings of a corny, feel-good tale—especially when Totone begins a cute romance with Marie-Lise, who tends cows on a neighboring farm, and he decides to enter a cheesemaking contest to win the lucrative first prize—but the clear-eyed Courvoisier tells a shrewdly observant human comedy populated with a formidable cast of local unprofessional actors.
 
 
 
A Man and a Woman 
(Rialto)
Claude Lelouch’s 1966 international breakthrough, which won the Oscar for best foreign film, is a pretty pedestrian love story between a race car driver and script supervisor on movie sets whose spouses rather conveniently die. And its famous earworm score by Francis Lai, along with a couple of silly love songs, is saccharine at best.
 
 
But what it has in spades, however, is Lelouch’s clever editing and photography as well as Jean-Louis Trintignant’s solid performance as un homme and, best of all, Anouk Aimée, who gives a performance for the ages as une femme—how she lost the best actress Oscar to Elizabeth Taylor is an insult of epic proportions.
 
 
 
When Fall Is Coming 
(Music Box)
Prolific French director François Ozon’s latest follows the travails of retired grandmother Michelle, banned from seeing her grandson Lucas after he has an accident while visiting her rural home—but when her daughter Valérie is suddenly gone from the picture, she must deal with that unexpected absence from her and Lucas’ lives.
 
 
There’s a welcome matter-of-factness to Ozon’s storytelling, but it’s too one-note when a fateful twist upends everyone and everything. Ozon gets uncluttered performances from his cast, led by Hélène Vincent (Michelle), Ludivine Seignier (Valérie) and Josiane Balasko (Michelle’s friend and neighbor Marie-Claude).
 
 
 
Streaming Releases of the Week
The Oldest Profession 
(Film Movement Classics)
Japanese director Noboru Tanaka was a master of “Roman porno,” or pink films, which were sexually charged dramas popular in Japan in the ‘60s and ‘70s—this 1974 entry, shot in black and white, is one of his most memorably disturbing excursions into the sordid lives of prostitutes who endure beatings, brutal clients and social ostracism as they scrape together meager livings.
 
 
His actresses Meika Seri and Genshu Hanayagi, who play daughter and mother prostitutes, powerfully bare their bodies and souls in this mesmerizing portrait of a bleak existence. 
 
 
 
Thank You Very Much 
(Drafthouse Films)
When Andy Kaufman died, at age 35 of cancer in 1984, many people thought it was a hoax, another crazy act in a career filled with them—from Latka in the sitcom Taxi to wrestling with women and alter egos that were aggressively more obnoxious,  Kaufman rewrote the rules of and went beyond comedy to a place few others dared to go.
 
 
Alex Braverman’s loving portrait has archival clips and interviews with Kaufman along with amusing and even poignant reminiscences by friends and colleagues Danny DeVito, Marilu Henner, Steve Martin and Laurie Anderson (who tells one of the best Andy stories). Most personal are appearances by several women in his life, including his last girlfriend Lynne Margulies. There are missteps—Garry Shandling’s name is misspelled at one point—but this is a touching tribute to a unique talent gone too soon.
 
 
 
4K/UHD Releases of the Week
Companion 
(Warner Bros)
Iris, a companion robot purchased by Josh for his pleasure, develops a mind of her own in this strangely compelling black comedy written and directed by Drew Hancock, who stuffs his script with too many obvious twists to be fully satisfying.
 
 
Still, it’s fun to watch, and Sophie Thatcher is spectacularly good as Iris, but even she can’t overcome the contrivances Hancock adds that make his tongue-in-cheek cautionary tale of humans being overrun by AI. The film has a first-rate UHD transfer; extras include short on-set featurettes.
 
 
 
Delicatessen 
(Severin Films)
Jean-Pierre Jeunet and Marc Caro codirected this deliriously scattershot 1991 black comedy, set in a French village following an apocalypse and centered around the local butcher’s shop, which serves human flesh to its customers due to a food shortage. There are dazzling set pieces and remarkable visuals, yet the overwhelming sense of style over substance ultimately becomes enervating, particularly in a final 30 minutes of wanton destruction.
 
 
Its mix of frightful and frivolous would become Jeunet’s stock-in-trade for the next couple of decades in films from A Very Long Engagement to Amélie. The film looks precisely detailed in 4K; extras include Jeunet’s commentary, Jeunet and Caro interview, interviews with Caro and Terry Gilliam, and a makinf-of featurette Fine Cooked Meats.
 
 
 
Love Hurts 
(Universal)
Fast-paced if ridiculous action sequences dominate Jonathan Eusebio’s offbeat rom-com about Marvin, a real estate agent in a quiet suburb, who reverts to his previous job as assassin when his former love interest (and target) Rose returns, along with the henchmen of his brother Alvin, who wants to clean up messes left behind by Marvin’s departure.
 
 
Ke Huy Quan and Ariana DeBose are highly energetic and there’s silly fun to be had in the hyperkinetic fight scenes, but there’s too much crammed into too little time: this 83-minute flick moves swiftly in order to hide that there’s not much there. There’s a superb UHD transfer; extras include an alternate ending, deleted and extended scenes and short on-set featurettes.
 
 
 
Blu-ray Releases of the Week 
Dogman 
(Dreamworks)
In this frenzied animated adaptation of Dav Pilkey’s graphic novel series, the title character—grafted together from an injured police officer and his pet dog—is a relentless cop chasing Petey, the evilest cat around.
 
 
Director-writer Peter Hastings smartly paces the action briskly and relentlessly, which glosses over some of the less funny parts—there’s fun, too, in the gleeful voice performances, from Pete Davidson’s Petey to the director’s own squeals and barks as Dogman. The hi-def transfer’s colors pop nicely; extras are a director’s commentary, deleted scenes and behind the scenes interviews.
 
 
 
Rose 
(Cohen Media)
In actress and screenwriter Aurélie Saada’s pithy 2021 directorial debut, the great Françoise Fabian essays the title role of the Goldberg family matriarch, whose life changes profoundly when her beloved husband of many decades dies suddenly and she must face widowhood and judgmental adult children.
 
 
Even if some of what Saada shows of Rose not acting her age is borderline soap opera, Fabian commands the screen as she did as the irresistible Maud in Eric Rohmer’s 1969 My Night at Maud’s—until the very last image of Rose (and Fabian) fiercely looking directly at the camera…at us. The Blu-ray transfer looks good; lone extra is a Q&A with Saada.
 
 
 
CD Releases of the Week 
Reynaldo Hahn—Piano Quintet, Songs, and Piano Quartet 
(Chandos)
Hahn—Le Dieu Bleu (B Records)
Reynaldo Hahn (1874-1947) is best known for being the lover of Marcel Proust, whose fictional composer Vinteuil in the great novel In Search of Lost Time wrote a sonata whose haunting theme (borrowed from Saint-Saëns) was suggested by Hahn. The Venezuelan-born, French-raised Hahn was also a prolific composer of attractive music that, at its best, could compete with works by the likes of Fauré and Chausson. 
 
That’s especially apparent on the Chandos disc of chamber works: the piano quintet and piano quartet owe much to late Fauré works, while the lyrical songs echo the vocal textures of both Fauré and Chausson. Tenor Karim Sulayman and the Kaleidoscope Chamber Collective give impassioned performances of these chamber works and mélodies. 
 
 
As for Hahn’s one-act ballet Le Dieu Bleu (The Blue God), which premiered in 1912, it was not entirely successful in the theater, but—at least on this recording by the Orchestre les Frivolites Parisiennes led by conductor Dylan Corlay—its eminently tuneful and even dramatic qualities are enjoyably brought out.

New York Philharmonic Perform Under Direction of Leonard Slatkin

Photo by Chris Lee

At Lincoln Center’s superior David Geffen Hall, on the night of Saturday, March 29th, I had the exceptional pleasure to attend a terrific concert featuring the New York Philharmonic, under the outstanding direction of Leonard Slatkin, one of the finest living conductors, who is notable for his close association with American composers. He provided the following commentary on the program: 

Everyone thought that there should be signature Slatkin connections on this program. 

Since Cindy McTee is one of this country's leading composers, and is also my wife, that was almost a given. 

John Corigliano and I go back a long way. I have performed several of his works with the Philharmonic, including the New York Premiere of his First Symphony. He has been associated with the ensemble almost from childhood, with his father being the long-serving Concertmaster of the Orchestra, and his serving as Assistant to the Producer and Assistant to the Director on the Orchestra's televised Young People's Concerts [1961–72]. This [saxophone] concerto is a true virtuoso workout for everyone. 

To balance the first half, we wanted something that was a bit more familiar for both musicians and audience, and with the Russian heritage in my family, as well as the Philharmonic's history with Shostakovich's Fifth Symphony, that seemed like a perfect choice. 

Taken together, the pieces should work well together and will be a wonderful way to continue my 80th birthday celebration.

The event started memorably with an excellent account of McTee’s remarkable Double Play for Orchestra, from 2010, for which the composer was present. She has said illuminatingly:

I find satisfaction in putting an analog watch up to my ear … or listening to the distinctive sound of a Harley-Davidson. 

The repetitive, interlocking whirs, ticks, and pops have found their way into my music, mostly in the form of ostinato, pulse-based rhythms, and hocket. Perhaps I'm drawn to these sounds and textures because they represent order, precision, integration, and predictability. However, their music application is most meaningful, I think, in a context that also includes disorder, flexibility, independence, and surprise.

About Double Play, she has written:

I have always been particularly attracted to the idea that disparate musical elements — tonal and atonal, placid and frenetic — can not only coexist but also illuminate and complement one another. I can think of no composer more capable of achieving these kinds of meaningful juxtapositions than Charles Ives. As in Ives's The Unanswered Question, my Unquestioned Answer presents planes of highly contrasting materials: sustained, consonant sonorities in the strings intersect to create dissonances; melodies for the principal players soar atop; and discordant passages in the brass and winds become ever more disruptive. The five-note theme from Ives's piece is heard in both its backward and forward versions throughout the work. 

Tempus Fugit, Latin for “time flees” but more commonly translated as “time flies,” is frequently used as an inscription on clocks. My Tempus Fugit begins with the sounds of several pendulum clocks ticking at different speeds and takes flight about two minutes later using a rhythm borrowed from Leonard Slatkin's Fin for orchestra. Jazz rhythms and harmonies, quickly-moving repetitive melodic ideas, and fragmented form echo the multifaceted and hurried aspects of 21st-century American society.

The initial movement is solemn, enigmatic and portentous while the dynamic, rhythmically exciting second is more playful and somewhat less mandarin, as well as evocative of Leonard Bernstein’s popular scores.

An impressive soloist, Timothy McAllister, then entered the stage for an accomplished rendition of Corigliano’s rewarding Triathlon, from 2020, which was commissioned by the San Francisco Symphony and here received its New York premiere just as the saxophonist debuted with this ensemble with these performances. The composer, who was also in the hall to receive the audience’s acclaim, described the work in an interview as “a concerto for saxophonist and orchestra, not saxophone and orchestra,” continuing:

And the saxophonist plays three different instruments, one for each movement, … starting with the soprano sax and then going to the alto sax, and then the baritone sax. … I've always had a love [for] the baritone sax. The alto is the most beautiful in its melodic contour. And the soprano sax, like the clarinet, has this wild virtuosity in this astronomical range. So I felt I had what I wanted, and then I said, what would happen if I take three different aspects of music-making, and each movement is dedicated to one of them?

He also stated:

The virtuosic possibilities of the soprano sax … inspired a first movement, entitled Leaps, that is buoyant, acrobatic, and optimistic. An orchestral introduction of jumping woodwinds and a long-lined melody lead to the entrance of the soloist, who, after a few virtuosic turns, sings the melody introduced by the orchestra. This melody utilizes the entire lyrical range of the soprano saxophone, and leads to a slower section that extends and develops the melody. But the joyous opening returns and the movement ends as it began — with a leap. 

The second movement features the alto saxophone, and is entitled LinesLines, in music, describe the horizontal motion of notes, or, as we know it, melody. And, indeed, this entire movement is totally melodic and serene. … 

I have always loved the sassy, gravelly sound of the baritone sax, so it had to lead the last movement of my concerto. Licks is a jazz term, and means small improvisational moments in a piece. While this is not a jazz movement, the idea of small ornamental turns appealed to me, and provided me with the inspiration for the solo writing. The movement starts with an unaccompanied cadenza. In it, the soloist explores many of the remarkably unusual sounds that the saxophone family can produce. At the beginning, we hear soft key clicks, which are done without breathing into the instrument. This soon develops into a technique called “slap tonguing,” in which the performer literally slaps his tongue against the reed. It is a totally delightful and rude sound, and both these devices alternate in the body of the cadenza.

The first movement is sprightly—if not without urgency—often propulsive, even breathless in tempo, but the lyrical second is more inward and mostly serious with a livelier middle section—it concludes gently. The last movement is more turbulent and closes abruptly and emphatically. 

The highlight of the evening, however, was its second half: a sterling realization of Dmitri Shostakovich’s magnificent symphony. Program annotator James M. Keller explains that “Shostakovich composed his Symphony No. 5 over a three-month period in 1937, a moment when he was effecting a rebound from official disgrace.” In “an article published just before the work's premiere,” the composer recorded that: 

The birth of the Fifth Symphony was preceded by a prolonged period of internal preparation. Perhaps because of this, the actual writing of the symphony took a comparatively short time (the third movement, for example, was written in three days). … The theme of my symphony is the development of the individual. I saw man with all his sufferings as the central idea of the work, which is lyrical in mood from start to finish; the finale resolves the tragedy and tension of the earlier movements on a joyous, optimistic note. 

Keller adds, “In a commentary published on January 12, 1938, in Literaturnaya Gazeta, Shostakovich spoke of his newly premiered Fifth Symphony:”

My latest work may be called a lyrical-heroic symphony. Its basic ideas are the sufferings of Man, and optimism. I wanted to convey optimism asserting itself as a world outlook through a series of tragic conflicts in a great inner, mental struggle. During a discussion at the Leningrad section of the Composers' Union, some of my colleagues called my Fifth Symphony an autobiographical work. On the whole, I consider this a fair appraisal. In my opinion, there are biographical elements in any work of art. Every work should bear the stamp of a living person, its author, and it is poor and tedious work whose creator is invisible. 

Keller says further that, “On the same day, Sovetskoye iskusstvo published a different article,” in which the composer asserted:

There is nothing more honorable for a composer than to create works for and with the people. The composer who forgets about this high obligation loses the right to this high calling. … The attention to music on the part of our government and all the Soviet people instills in me the confidence that I will be able to give everything that is in my power.

The beginning, Moderato movement is grave, even forbidding, at the outset but, after an extended, introductory sequence, a more Romantic ethos emerges, even as the starkness of the opening returns, if more energetically—especially so in a remarkable, march-like but quieter episode. Another, partly song-like episode ushers in a nearly ethereal, almost mystical finish. The occasionally eccentric scherzo—marked Allegretto—that ensues is characteristically more ludic, if at times enchanting and rousing with numerous tuneful passages—it closes hurriedly if definitively. The hushed Largo that succeeds this is reflective, even meditative; the music intensifies but then becomes very subdued before building to a highly charged climax—the movement then ends softly. The stirring, Allegro non troppo finale is on the whole triumphant in character but with a much more sober, even austere, central section that precedes the stunning, forceful and joyous conclusion.

Deservedly, the artists were very enthusiastically applauded.

NYC Theater Review—“A Streetcar Named Desire” with Paul Mescal at BAM

A Streetcar Named Desire 
Written by Tennessee Williams
Directed by Rebecca Frecknall
Performances through April 6,2025
BAM Strong Harvey Theatre, 651 Fulton Street, Brooklyn, NY
bam.org
 
Patsy Ferran and Paul Mescal in A Streetcar Named Desire (photo: Julieta Cervantes)
 
Although A Streetcar Named Desire hasn’t fared well on Broadway—if anyone even remembers botched revivals like the 2005 disaster with Natasha Richardson and John C. Reilly and stillborn 1992 production with Jessica Lange and Alec Baldwin—things have been different in Brooklyn, where in 2009 a fresh take on Tennessee Williams’ classic drama at BAM gave it back its poetry and poignancy: anchored by a surprisingly unmannered Cate Blanchett as Blanche Dubois and directed with unadorned realism by Liv Ullmann, the Sydney Theatre Company production was as good a Streetcar as could be wished for.
 
Now, London’s Almeida Theatre stops at BAM with its Streetcar, directed with arrogant assurance by Rebecca Frecknall, whose deconstruction of Williams’ familiar drama has some interesting detours but is burdened by too much distracting, unnecessary gimmickry. 
 
Heading her mostly capable cast and making his American theater debut, current heartthrob Paul Mescal plays Stanley Kowalski intelligently, letting us see the humor as well as the rage of this self-styled “Pole” (not “Polack,” as he corrects Blanche) who loves his wife Stella fiercely—so much so that he at times lets his passions spill over into brutishness and violence. 
 
As Stella, Blanche’s younger sister, Anjana Vasan is a sympathetic presence. And at the performance I attended, a solid Eduardo Ackerman subbed for Dwane Walcott as Stanley’s poker-playing buddy Mitch, who is sweet on Blanche until things go sour. But things get problematic with Patsy Ferran’s Blanche, a strangely off-putting performance that has little of Williams’ poetry and a surfeit of nervous energy. 
 
Most damaging, however, is that Ferran and Mescal have little chemistry together; at one point, Mescal gets on all fours and prowls around like a literal beast to try and underline the feral attraction between these memorably mismatched characters. It doesn’t really work.
 
Frecknall seems to sense this; she all but eclipses Stanley and Blanche’s relationship with busy stage business. Madeleine Girling’s set, a square wooden platform with a walkway surrounding it, resembles a boxing ring sans ropes. When actors are not in a scene, they mill around and hand props to those performing, like trainers giving the boxers a towel or a bottle of water during a match. Lee Curran’s lighting and Peter Rice’s sound design strongly contribute to the claustrophobic atmosphere.
 
Occasionally, the cast breaks into stylized dance moves that aren’t integrated enough to be effective—only the movements of the cast’s male actors closely surrounding Blanche when Stanley rapes her is memorable. And although Williams asks for a “blue piano” in his stage directions, Frecknall provides music that almost entirely comprises a drummer on a second tier above the stage (the talented Tom Penn, who also plays the doctor in the final scene) pounding away throughout, needlessly underscoring the dramatic beats, so to speak. And a repeated ghostly image of Blanche’s dead first husband needlessly clutters her monologues without any additional illumination.
 
One thing this Streetcar shares with the superior Blanchett/Ullmann production is a misconceived ending. In the 2009 Sydney Theatre staging’s biggest misstep, Blanchett rode Williams’ poetry too hard and director Ullmann allowed Blanche the indignity of being led away while not properly dressed. 
 
Here, Frecknall turns what should be a shattering ending into mush, the mass of performers onstage obscuring Blanche’s final tragedy—it misses the theatrical magic that Williams’ most indelible creation always yearned for. 

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